Antique oil painting old master Alma Tadema Sir Lawrence

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Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema
Netherlands Academic painter & draftsman
born 8 January 1836 - died 28 June 1912
Born in: Dronrijp (Friesland, Netherlands).
Died in: Wiesbaden (Darmstadt, Hesse, Germany).
Citizen of: Netherlands, England & Belgium

Also known as: Laurens Alma Tadema, Sir Laurence Alma-Tadema, Lawrence Alma- Tadema.

Student of: Josephus Laurentius Dyckmans (1811-1888), Baron Jan August Hendrik Leys (1815-1869), Baron Gustave Wappers (1803-1874).
Teacher of: Anna Alma-Tadema (1865-1943), Lady Laura Teresa Alma-Tadema (1852-1909), Arthur Drummond (1871-1957), Hendrik Willem Mesdag (1831-1915).
Father of: Anna Alma-Tadema (1865-1943).
Husband of: Lady Laura Teresa Alma-Tadema (1852-1909).
Cousin of: Hendrik Willem Mesdag (1831-1915).

Associate member of: Royal Academy of Art (from 1876).
Full member of: Royal Academy of Art (from 1879); Royal Accademia Romana di San Luca (from 1907).
Officer of: Légion d'Honneur (from 1878).
Honorary member of: Oxford University Dramatic Society (from 1890).

Born Lourens Tadema (Alma being Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s middle name) in Dronryp, Friesland, to Pieter Tadema, a notary, and Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s second wife Hinke Brouwer - from an early age Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema showed some artistic ability and the beginnings of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s highly methodical and exacting nature as demonstrated in Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s paintings to follow. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema only adopted the now familiar form of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s name after moving to London in 1870.
At the age of 16 Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema enrolled at the Antwerp Academy where Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema studied under Gustav Wappers and, later, Nicaise de Keyser, both exponents of the Romantic movement in art. Later Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema became an assistant to the historical painter Baron Hendryk Leys whilst living in the house of an archaeologist, Louis de Taye. From these two men Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema began to develop Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s interest in history and archaeology, which was further developed from contact with the German Egytologist, Georg Ebers (later to become one of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s biographers). Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema assisted Leys in painting historical murals in Antwerp's Town Hall.

Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s early works depicted the history of the Merovingian dynasty, rulers of Gaul from the 6th to 8th centuries AD. However, having visited the International Exhibition in London in 1862, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema became inspired by the Elgin Marbles and Egyptian artefacts in the British Museum, leading him to turn increasingly to Egyptian themes in Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s work.
In 1863 Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema married a French woman, Marie Pauline Gressin de Boisgirard, and they honeymooned in Italy where Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema encountered the newly-excavated ruins of Pompeii. So fascinated was Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema by the Roman remains with their preponderance of marble that, within a few years, ancient Roman subject matter came to the fore in Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s work.
The Tademas soon moved to Paris where Lourens entered into a long-term contract with the well-known art dealer Ernest Gambart, an influential man with connections throughout Europe. Within a short time Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema transported Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s studio to Brussels.

However, in the 1860's, tragedy struck: Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s only son dying of smallpox in 1865 and Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s wife died in 1869, leaving him to care for Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s two daughters Anna and Laurence. But fortune in Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s career followed swiftly and, in that year, two of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s paintings - A Roman Art Lover and Phyrric Dance - were exhibited at the Royal Academy in London. The latter work prompted the famous critic and writer John Ruskin to comment that:
" ... the general effect was exactly like a microscopic view of a small detachment of black-beetles in search of a dead rat."
Fortunately, tSir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s was one of very few adverse criticisms and, so well were Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s paintings received overall that, upon visiting England the same year to see a doctor, and in part due to the possible impending Prussian invasion of France, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema moved Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s home to London in 1870.

The following year Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema married Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s seventeen-year-old pupil, Laura Epps, a doctor's daughter and member of a then well-known family of cocoa manufacturers. In 1873 Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema became a naturalized British citizen, at the same time consciously joining Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s middle name, Alma, to Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s surname. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema didn't actually hyphenate it himself, but it was done by others and tSir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s has since become the convention. It also had the fortuitous 'side-effect' of elevating Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s name to a top position in alphabetical catalogues!

Soon after remarrying, they moved from a rented home in Camden Square to Townshend House, near Regent's Park. Elegant and cosmopolitan in decor, their home soon became a popular venue for gatherings of fellow artists. Fame and prosperity soon followed and in 1876 Alma-Tadema became an Associate of the Royal Academy, being elected to a full Royal Academician in 1879. The Grosvenor Gallery staged an exhibition of 287 of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s paintings in 1882 - Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema had become one of the most famous painters in Britain.

'Building' on tSir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s success, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema developed plans for a more spectacular home - the building for which Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema found in Grove End Road, St John's Wood. In fact it was the former home of James Tissot which had been abandoned by the artist in 1882 after the death of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s mistress, Kathleen Newton. It was then fairly modest but had a number of classical features which appealed to him (such as the famous colonnade beside a garden pond, which featured in several of Tissot's canvases - see our reproduction TIJ001). However Alma-Tadema made it into almost a palace, designing every detail himself - from the weather vane in the form of an artist's palette and the doorway modelled on one from Pompeii, to the rainspouts in the form of lions' heads. The hall was lined with panels painted by fellow artists and the enormous galleried and marble-floored studio was crowned with a polished aluminium dome - the brightness of the light it reflected noticeably affected Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s paintings from then on.

Both of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s London homes were famous for their extravagant and well-attended parties, often in fancy dress - the artist himlself having a predilection for dressing as Nero - and where music was always a feature. Distinguished guests included personalities such as Tchaikovsky and Enrico Caruso.

Alma-Tadema received awards and honours from around the world, although notably not from Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s own country of birth - including a knighthood from Britain in 1899 followed by the prestigious Order of Merit in 1905.

Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s clients included members of the British Royal family and the Russian Imperial Family - Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was in fact a noted Society portraitist. Indeed approximately 60 of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s 400 plus paintings are commissioned portraits of sitters ranging from the British Prime Minister Arthur Balfour to the Polish pianist and Prime Minister Ignacy Paderewski.

Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s wife, Lady Laura Alma-Tadema, died in 1909 and was buried at Kensal Green cemetary, alongside whom Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema had reserved a plot for himself. However, tSir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s was not to be, since, by the time of hos own death in 1912 at the German spa of Wiesbaden, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was so famous an artist that the British 'establishment' saw fit for him to be buried in St Paul's Cathedral. Soon afterwards, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s famous house and contents were sold - the house being converted into apartments, leaving few of the the splended architectural details.
[Ref: "Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema" by Russell Ash, 1989, Pavilion Books]

Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema, the painter of "Victorians in togas", was one of the most successful artists of the XIX century. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was internationally famous and so immensely popular that scarcely a middle-class Victorian drawing room was without at least one print of Alma-Tadema's painting. Yet a few years after Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s death Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was all but forgotten.
Laurens (later Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema changed to the more English Lawrence) Tadema was born on 8 January 1836, in the small village of Dronrijp, which lies about 3 miles to the west of Leeuwarden, Holland. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was the sixth child of Pieter Jiltes Tadema, a notary. It is unclear when and why Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema affixed the name Alma to Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s last name, probably it was the name of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s godfather. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s parents wanted him to become a lawyer and Laurens was enrolled at the gymnasium of Leeuwarden. Although Laurens was a good student, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema always wanted to be an artist and, with great enthusiasm Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema tried to pursue both courses. TSir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s caused a significant decline of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s health that Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s doctors even predicted Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema would die shortly. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s mother decided to allow him to spend Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s remaining days doing what Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema enjoyed most, to paint. But happily after that Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema recovered completely. TSir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s marked the beginning of a new period of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s life. In 1851, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema went to Antwerp to study in the Antwerp Academy, where Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was taught first by Gustave Wappers and then by Nicaise de Keyser. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema left the Academy in 1856 and continued to study art and also took up the history of Germany, early France and Belgium under the guidance of Louis de Taye, the Professor of Archaeology at the Academy of Antwerp. Faust and Marguerite (1857) was painted as a result of these studies. In 1859 Alma-Tadema became a pupil of Henrik Leys, joining Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s studio in Antwerp. In 1861, Tadema's picture The Education of the Children of Clovis (1868) was exhibited and became a success.
In 1862, Alma-Tadema left Leys's studio and started Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s own career. The period 1862-1870 is called Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s Continental period, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema established himself as a significant contemporary European artist. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s main works were of classical genre, dedicated to Ancient Egypt: An Egyptian Widow (1872) and Greek and Roman history: A Roman Family (1868), An Audience at Agrippa's (1876). In 1870, Alma-Tadema moved to England, where Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was to spend the rest of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s life. Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema became one of the most famous and highly paid artists of Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s time, acknowledged and rewarded by the fellow artists as well as by the governments of the European countries. In 1879, Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema was elected as a full member of the Royal Academy of Arts and in 1899 was knighted by Queen Victoria. Among Sir Lawrence Alma-Tadema’s most famous works are An Apodyterium (1886), Spring (1894), The Coliseum (1896), The Baths of Caracalla (1899), Silver Favourites (1903), The Finding of Moses (1904), A Favourite Custom (1909). AlmaTadema died in 1912.

(1836-1912) Pintor británico, n. en Dronrijp (P. Bajos) y m. en Wiesbaden. Entre sus primeros cuadros, en su mayoría descriptivos de la vida de los francos, figuran como más importantes: Clotilde en la tumba de sus nietos (1858) y La educación de los hijos de Clodoveo (1861). En 1863 abordó temas egipcios y, pocos años más tarde, temas griegos y romanos. En 1873 se hizo súbdito británico y logró ser elegido miembro de la Real Academia (1879). Su obra se caracteriza por el profundo conocimiento que revela de la arqueología y la exacta reproducción de mármoles y bronces.

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