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Eugène Delacroix Biography
French Romantic painter, lithographer,
muralist, author, pastellist & draftsman
born 26 April 1798 - died 13 August 1863
Also known as: Ferdinand-Victor-Eugène
Delacroix.
Student of: Pierre-Narcisse
Guérin (1774-1833).
Teacher of: Léon
Bonnat (1833-1922), Pierre Cécile
Puvis de Chavannes (1824-1898).
Friend of: Léon
Cogniet (1794-1880),
Henri Fantin-Latour
(1836-1904), Newton Fielding
(1797-1856).
Patronized by: Duchesse de Berry Caroline
(1798-1870).
Rival of: Jean
Auguste Dominique Ingres
(1780-1867), Ary
Scheffer (1795-1858) |
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DELACROIX, FERDINAND VICTOR
EUGENE (1798-1863), French historical
painter, leader of the Romantic movement,
was born at Charenton-St-Maurice, near
Paris, on the 26th of April 1798. His father
Charles Delacroix
(1741—1805) was a partisan of the most
violent faction during the time of the
Revolution, and was foreign minister under
the Directory. The Eugène Delacroix family affairs seem to
have been conducted in the wildest manner,
and the accidents that befell the child,
well authenticated as they are said to be,
make it almost a miracle that Eugène
Delacroix survived. He was first nearly burned to death in the
cradle by a nurse falling asleep over a
novel and the candle dropping on the
coverlet; this left permanent marks on his
arms and face. He was next dropped into the
sea by another bonne, who was climbing up a
ship’s side to see her lover. He was nearly
poisoned, and nearly choked, and, to crown
all, Eugène Delacroix tried to hang himself, without any
thought of suicide, in imitation of a print
exhibiting a man in that position of final
ignominy. The prediction of a charlatan
founded on his horoscope has been preserved:
“Cet enfant deviendra un homme célébre, mais
sa vie sera des plus laborieuses, des plus
tourmentées, et toujours livrée a la contradiction.”
Delacroix the elder (also known as Delacroix
de Contaut) died at Bordeaux when Eugene was
seven years of age, and his mother returned
to Paris and placed him in the Lycée
Napoleon. Afterwards, on his determining to
be a painter, Eugène Delacroix entered the atelier of
Baron Guérin, who affected to treat him as
an amateur. His fellow-pupil was Ary
Scheffer, who was alike by temperament and
antecedents the opposite of the bizarre
Delacroix, and the two remained antagonistic
to the end of life. Acknowledged
power of Eugène Delacroix and yet want of success with artists
and critics — Thiers being his only advocate
— perhaps mainly resulted from his bravura
and rude dash in the use of the brush, at a
time when smooth roundness of surface was
general. His first important picture, Dante
and Virgil, was painted in his own studio;
and when Guérin went to see it he flew into a passion, and told him his picture
was absurd, detestable, exaggerated. |