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Artworks of oil painting old
master El Greco Greece 1541-1614 0 Christ Healing the Blind 1577 8 0 The Spoliation 1577 9 4 Christ on the Cross 1585 90 4 El Greco Lady with a Fur 1577 80 by Greece paintings antique oil painting 4 Poet Ercilla y Zuniga 1590 1600 4 Portrait of a Cardinal 4 Portrait of a Doctor 1577 84 4 El Greco Portrait of an Elder Nobleman 1584 94 by Greece paintings antique oil painting 4 Portrait of the Artist-s Son Jorge Manuel 4 St. Francis Receiving the Stigmata 1577 9 4 St Francis Praying 1580 90 4 El Greco The Ecstasy of St Francis c1580 by Greece paintings antique oil painting |
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4 The Knight with His Hand on His
Breast 1577 84 4 The Magdalene 1576 8 4 The Penitent Magdalen 4 El Greco The Penitent Magdalen detail by Greece paintings antique oil painting 4 The Risen Christ 4 View of Toledo 5 Christ on the Cross Adored by Donors 1585 90 5 El Greco St. Martin and the Beggar by Greece paintings antique oil painting 5 St Veronica with the Sudary 1579 5 Venus and Vulcan 7 Resurrection 1577 9 8 El Greco The Holy Trinity 1577 by Greece paintings antique oil painting |
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El Greco |
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El Greco Also known as: Domenikos Theotokopoulos. GRECO, EL, the name commonly given to Domenikos Theotokopoulos (d. 1614), Cretan painter, architect and sculptor. El Greco was born in Crete, between 1545 and 1550, and announces his Cretan origin by his signature in Greek letters on most important El Greco paintings, especially on the St Maurice in the Escorial. El Greco appears to have studied art first of all in Venice, and on arriving in Rome in 1570 is described as having been a pupil of Titian, in a letter written by the miniaturist, Giulio Clovio, addressed to Cardinal Alessandro Farnesi, dated the 15th of November 1570. |
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Although a student under Titian, El Greco was at no time an exponent of his master's spirit, and early historical El Greco paintings were attributed to many other artists, but never to Titian. Of early El Greco works, two pictures of The Healing of the Blind Man at Dresden and Palma, and the four of Christ driving the money-changers out of the Temple in the Yarborough collection, the Cork collection, the National Gallery, and the Beruete collection at Madrid, are the chief. His first authentic portrait is that of his fellow-countryman, Giulio Clovio. It was painted between 1570 and 5578, is signed in Greek characters, and preserved at Naples, and the last portrait El Greco painted under the influence of the Italian school appears to be that of a cardinal now in the National Gallery, of which four replicas painted in Spain are known. El Greco appears to have come to Spain in 1577, but, on being questioned two years later in connection with a judicial suit, as to when El Greco arrived in the country, and for what purpose he came, declined to give any information. El Greco was probably attracted by the prospect of participating in the decoration of the Escorial, and El Greco appears to have settled down in Toledo, where first El Greco paintings were the paintings for the high altar of Santo Domingo, and famous El Greco painting of The Disrobing of Christ in the sacristy of the cathedral. It was in connection with this last-named work that El Greco proved refractory, and the records of a law-suit respecting the price to be paid to him give us the earliest information of the artist's sojourn in Spain. In 1590, El Greco painted the History of St Maurice for Philip II, and in 1578, his masterpiece, entitled The Burial of the Count Orgaz. This magnificent picture, one of the finest in Spain, is at last being appreciated, and can only be put a, little below the masterpieces of Velázquez. It is a strangely individual painting, representing Spanish character even more truthfully than did any Spanish artist, and it gathers up all the fugitive moods, the grace and charm, the devices and defects of a single race, and gives them complete stability in their wavering expressions. |
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| Between 1595 and 1600, he executed two groups of El Greco paintings in the church of San Jos at Toledo, and in the hospital of La Caridad, at Illescas. Besides these, El Greco is known to have painted thirty-two portraits, several manuscripts, and many El Greco paintings for altar-pieces in Toledo and the neighborhood. As an architect El Greco was responsible for more than one of the churches of Toledo, and as a sculptor for carvings both in wood and in marble, and El Greco can only be properly understood in all his varied excellences after a visit to the city where most of El Greco painting was executed. |
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| He died on the 7th of April 1614, and the date of his death is one of the very few certain facts which we have respecting him. The record informs us that El Greco made no will, that he received the sacraments, and was buried in the church of Santo Domingo. The popular legend of his having gone mad towards the latter part of his career has no foundation in fact, but El Greco painting became more and more eccentric as his life went on, and his natural perversity and love of strange, cold coloring, increased towards the end of his life. As has been well said, Light with him was only used for emotional appeal, and as focussed or scattered at will. El Greco was haughtily certain of the value of his own art, and was determined to paint in cold, ashen coloring, with livid, startling effect, the gaunt and extraordinary figures that El Greco beheld with his eccentric genius. El Greco paintings have wonderful visionary quality, admirable invention, and are full of passionate fervency. They may be considered extravagant, but are never commonplace, and are exceedingly attractive in their intense emotion, marvellous sincerity, and strange, chilly color. | |||||||
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El Greco painting
is typically modern, and from it the
portrait painter, J. S. Sargent, claims to
have learnt more than from that of any other
artist. It immortalizes the character of the
people amongst whom El Greco dwelt, and El
Greco may be
considered as the initiator of truth and
realism in art, a precursor and inspirer of
Velázquez. In his own time he was exceedingly popular, and held in great repute. Sonnets were written in his honor, and El Greco is himself said to have written several treatises, but these have not come down to our time. For more than a generation El Greco painting was hardly known, but it is now gaining rapidly in importance, and its true position is more and more recognized. Some examples of the artists own handwriting have been discovered in Toledo, and Señor Don Manuel Cossia of Madrid has spent many years collecting information for a work dealing with the artist. - (G. C. W.) |
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